![]() ![]() The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. ![]() įunding: This work was supported by the Nederlands Wetenschappelijk Organisatie (ALWGR.2017.010 to BA), The European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases 2018 Research Grant (3184200058 to ES), and the Wellcome Trust (219551/Z/19/Z to JR, FAS, PSD, MCF). Raw data underlying all figures is available from. Sequence data for crosses NL1, UK1 and UK2 are available under BioProjects PRJNA947770, PRJNA947515 and PRJNA947514 respectively. Genome assemblies of parental strains AfIR964 and AfIR974, as well as sequence data of offspring are available under BioProject PRJNA768288. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.ĭata Availability: Data and code supporting the analysis used are available at, which is archived at. Received: ApAccepted: JPublished: September 14, 2023Ĭopyright: © 2023 Auxier et al. PLoS Biol 21(9):Īcademic Editor: Joseph Heitman, Duke University Medical Center, UNITED STATES (2023) The human fungal pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus can produce the highest known number of meiotic crossovers. fumigatus provides opportunities to understand why these rates are not generally higher in other eukaryotes.Ĭitation: Auxier B, Debets AJM, Stanford FA, Rhodes J, Becker FM, Reyes Marquez F, et al. The finding of an unparalleled crossover rate in A. Our results suggest that genomic studies in this species should reassess common assumptions about linkage between genetic regions. We then demonstrate that this rate of crossovers is sufficient to produce one of the common multidrug resistant haplotypes found in the cyp51A gene (TR 34/L98H) in crosses among parents harboring either of 2 nearby genetic variants, possibly explaining the early spread of such haplotypes. We validate this high rate of crossovers through mapping of resistance to the laboratory antifungal acriflavine by using standing variation in an undescribed ABC efflux transporter. This rate of crossovers per chromosome is more than twice that seen for any known organism, which we discuss in relation to other genetic model systems. fumigatus strains that they produce an average of 29.9 crossovers per chromosome pair and large variation in total map length across additional strain crosses. nidulans has in contrast a higher rate with 9.3 crossovers per chromosome pair. flavus has a moderately high recombination rate with an average of 4.2 crossovers per chromosome pair, whereas A. Among other Aspergilli, it is known that A. A sexual cycle for the opportunistic human pathogenic fungus Aspergillus fumigatus is known, but the genetic consequences of meiosis have remained unknown. This produces offspring with novel genotypes, both by segregation of parental chromosomes as well as crossovers between homologous chromosomes. Sexual reproduction involving meiosis is essential in most eukaryotes.
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